์ฑ… ๋ชฉ๋ก์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ธฐ

**"It's not hard โ€” just omit the surplus words."** โ€” Wydick์˜ ๋ฉ˜ํ†  ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ

์ด ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋ฉด ์šด์˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์†Œ์ •์˜ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธ‰๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

YES24์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๊ธฐ

Plain English for Lawyers โ€” Richard C. Wydick & Amy E. Sloan

"It's not hard โ€” just omit the surplus words." โ€” Wydick์˜ ๋ฉ˜ํ†  ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ

์„œ์ง€ ์ •๋ณด

ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋‚ด์šฉ
์ €์žRichard C. Wydick (์›์ €) + Amy E. Sloan (6ํŒ ๊ฐœ์ •)
์ถœํŒ์‚ฌCarolina Academic Press
ํŒ6ํŒ (2019)
ํŽ˜์ด์ง€155์ชฝ
์›ํ˜•1978 California Law Review 727ํ˜ธ ๊ธฐ๊ณ ๋ฌธ
ISBN978-1-5310-0699-0

Wydick์€ UC Davis ๋กœ์Šค์ฟจ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋กœ 1978๋…„ California Law Review์— ๊ธฐ๊ณ ํ•œ ๊ธ€์ด ์ด ์ฑ…์˜ ๋ผˆ๋Œ€๋‹ค. 2016๋…„ ์ž‘๊ณ  ํ›„ Amy E. Sloan(University of Baltimore)์ด 6ํŒ์„ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. 155์ชฝ์˜ ๋งค์šฐ ์–‡์€ ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ "๋ฒ•ํ•™๋„ ํ•„๋…์„œ"๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ ์žก์€ ๊ณ ์ „.


์ „์ฒด ๊ตฌ์กฐ (10์žฅ + ๋ถ€๋ก)

Chapter 1  Why Plain English?          โ€” ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐœํ˜ ์šด๋™
Chapter 2  Omit Surplus Words          โ€” ์ž‰์—ฌ ๋‹จ์–ด ์ œ๊ฑฐ (ํ•ต์‹ฌ 4๊ฐ€์ง€)
Chapter 3  Use Verbs to Express Action โ€” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ํ–‰์œ„ ํ‘œํ˜„
Chapter 4  Prefer the Active Voice     โ€” ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ ์„ ํ˜ธ
Chapter 5  Use Short Sentences         โ€” ์งง์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
Chapter 6  Arrange Your Words          โ€” ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ฐฐ์—ด (6๊ฐ€์ง€ ์›์น™)
Chapter 7  Choose Your Words           โ€” ๋‹จ์–ด ์„ ํƒ (7๊ฐ€์ง€ ์›์น™)
Chapter 8  Use Commas Carefully        โ€” ์‰ผํ‘œ 5์›์น™
Chapter 9  Use Other Punctuation       โ€” ์„ธ๋ฏธ์ฝœ๋ก ยท์ฝœ๋ก ยท๋Œ€์‹œยทํ•˜์ดํ”ˆยท์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ
Chapter 10 Use Easy-to-Read Design    โ€” ๋ฌธ์„œ ๋””์ž์ธ (ํฐํŠธยท์—ฌ๋ฐฑยทํ—ค๋”ฉยทํ‘œ)
Appendix   Exercise Key               โ€” 32๊ฐœ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๋‹ต

Chapter 2: ์ž‰์—ฌ ๋‹จ์–ด ์ œ๊ฑฐ (Omit Surplus Words)

ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐœ๋…: ์ž‘์—…์–ด(Working Words) vs ์ ‘์ฐฉ์–ด(Glue Words)

๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค:

  • ์ž‘์—…์–ด: ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด (collide, decide, pay ๋“ฑ)
  • ์ ‘์ฐฉ์–ด: ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด (the, of, by, was ๋“ฑ)

"์ข‹์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ชฉ๊ณต ์ž‘์—…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค โ€” ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ์ ‘์ฐฉ์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์ด ๋งž์•„๋–จ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค."

์ ‘์ฐฉ์–ด ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋†’์œผ๋ฉด โ†’ ๋‚˜์œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ. ๋ชฉํ‘œ: ์ „์ฒด ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ 70% ์ด์ƒ์ด ์ž‘์—…์–ด.

โ‘  ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ(Compound Constructions) ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ™”

๋ณตํ•ฉ(๋‚˜์œ ์˜ˆ)๊ฐ„๊ฒฐ(์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ)
by means ofby
by reason ofbecause of
for the purpose ofto
in accordance withby, under
in connection withwith, about
in order toto
in the event thatif
in the nature oflike
on the ground thatbecause
prior tobefore
subsequent toafter
with reference/regard/respect toabout, concerning
inasmuch assince, because
at that point in timethen
until such time asuntil

โ‘ก ๋‹จ์–ด ๋‚ญ๋น„ ํ‘œํ˜„(Word-Wasting Expressions) ์ œ๊ฑฐ

๋‚ญ๋น„(๋‚˜์œ ์˜ˆ)๊ฐ„๊ฒฐ(์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ)
the fact that she had diedher death
despite the fact thatdespite / although
because of the fact thatbecause
in many instancesoften
in the majority of instancesusually
at this point in timenow
during the time thatwhile
on a daily/annual basisdaily/annually
a number ofsome / several
a sufficient number ofenough

โ‘ข It is / There is ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ œ๊ฑฐ

It is ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•  ๋•Œ โ†’ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๊ฐœํŽธ

๋‚˜์œ: It is possible for the court to modify the judgment.
์ข‹์€: The court can modify the judgment.

There is/are ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€:

๋‚˜์œ: There were no reasons offered by the court.
์ข‹์€: The court offered no reasons.

์ „๋žต: "๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?" ๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์–ด ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์„ธ์šด๋‹ค.

โ‘ฃ ์ค‘๋ณต ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ํ‘œํ˜„(Coupled Synonyms) ์ œ๊ฑฐ

ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ๋ฐ ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต:

์ค‘๋ณต ํ‘œํ˜„๋Œ€์ฒด
null and voidvoid
last will and testamentwill
give, devise, and bequeathgive
free and clearfree
cease and desiststop
force and effecteffect
full and completecomplete
rest, residue, and remainderremainder
suffer or permitpermit
true and correcttrue
alter or changechange

์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์ด์œ (๋ผํ‹ด์–ด+๊ณ ์˜์–ด ๋ณ‘์šฉ, ๊ตฌ๋‘ ๊ธฐ์–ต ๋ณด์กฐ)๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์˜๋ฏธ ์—†์Œ. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์“ธ ๊ฒƒ.


Chapter 3: ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ํ–‰์œ„ ํ‘œํ˜„ (Use Verbs to Express Action)

ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ: ํŒŒ์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ(Derivative Noun) = ์ข€๋น„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ(Zombie Noun)

๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ(base verb)๊ฐ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์ฃฝ๋Š”๋‹ค:

๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌํŒŒ์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ (๊ธˆ์ง€)
collidecollision
assumeassumption
decidedecision
failfailure
considerconsideration
applyapplication

ํŒŒ์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋ฒ•:

  • ์–ด๋ฏธ: -tion, -ment, -ance, -ence, -ity, -al, -ure, -age
  • ๋™์‚ฌ ํŒจํ„ด: make/give/have/reach/take + ๋ช…์‚ฌ ("make an assumption" โ†’ "assume")
  • ์œ„์น˜ ํŒจํ„ด: ๊ด€์‚ฌ(a/the) + ๋ช…์‚ฌ + of ("the consideration of" โ†’ "consider")

์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ: "๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?"๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์€ ๋’ค ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ, ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„.

๋‚˜์œ: The failure to obtain preapproval results in a rejection.
์ข‹์€: When you don't preapprove, the insurer rejects the claim.

Chapter 4: ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ ์„ ํ˜ธ (Prefer the Active Voice)

๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ vs ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„

  • ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ: ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ–‰์œ„์ž ("John kicked the ball")
  • ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ: ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ–‰์œ„์ž ("The ball was kicked by John")

์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ

  1. ์žฅํ™ฉํ•จ: "was kicked by John"(4๋‹จ์–ด) vs "kicked"(1๋‹จ์–ด)
  2. ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•จ: ์ž˜๋ฆฐ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ(truncated passive) โ†’ ํ–‰์œ„์ž ์ˆจ๊น€
  • "All improvements shall be disclosed" โ€” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
  • ์†Œ์†ก์ด ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋‹คํˆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋จ

์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์จ์•ผ ํ•  6๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ

์ƒํ™ฉ์˜ˆ์‹œ
ํ–‰์œ„๋ณด๋‹ค ํ–‰์œ„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”"The subpoena was served on January 19th."
ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค"The data files were mysteriously destroyed."
์•ž ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ"The committee awarded Moore. Moore was arrested the next day."
๊ฐ•์กฐ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ"When the victim walked in, he was shot."
์ถ”์ƒ์  ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ ์ ˆํ•  ๋•Œ"In the eyes of the law, all persons are created equal."
์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋ฅผ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ"The plaintiff's teeth were knocked out." (์˜๋ขฐ์ธ์ด ๋บ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ง์ ‘ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์„ ๋•Œ)

Chapter 5: ์งง์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ (Use Short Sentences)

ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ทœ์น™

  1. ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ƒ๊ฐ๋งŒ ๋‹ด์„ ๊ฒƒ (๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ)
  2. ํ‰๊ท  ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ธธ์ด 25๋‹จ์–ด ์ดํ•˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ

๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๊ธด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์กฐ์–ธ

"๊ธด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ๋Š” '์ ‘ํž˜'์ด๋‚˜ '๋ชจํ˜ธํ•จ'์ด๋‚˜ '์‚ฝ์ž…๊ตฌ'๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค โ€” ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฑ€ ๋ฐ˜์ชฝ์ด ๋ฌผ ์†์— ์ž ๊ธด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํšƒ๋ถˆ ํ–‰์ง„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค."

๊ธด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋•Œ: ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋” ์‚ฌ์šฉ, ๋‹จ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์ฒ ์ €ํžˆ.

์‚ฌ๋ก€: 86๋‹จ์–ด ๋‹จ๋ฌธ์„ 5๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ด

์›๋ฌธ (86๋‹จ์–ด, 1๋ฌธ์žฅ):
In a trial by jury, the court may, when the convenience of witnesses
or the ends of justice would be promoted thereby, on motion of a party,
after notice and hearing, make an order...

๊ฐœ์„  (5๋ฌธ์žฅ, ํ‰๊ท  19๋‹จ์–ด):
1. In a jury case, the court may order the liability issue to be tried first.
2. The court may make the order if doing so serves the convenience
   of witnesses or the ends of justice.
3. The court may make the order on a party's motion, after notice and hearing.
4. In a case with a pretrial conference, the court may make the order
   no later than the end of the conference.
5. In a case without a pretrial conference, no later than 10 days before trial.

Chapter 6: ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ฐฐ์—ด (Arrange Your Words Carefully)

โ‘  ์ฃผ์–ด-๋™์‚ฌ-๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์—ฌ๋ผ

๋…์ž๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด โ†’ ๋™์‚ฌ โ†’ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ด ์‚ฌ์ด์— ํฐ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‘๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋…์„ฑ ๊ธ‰๋ฝ.

๋‚˜์œ: A claim, which in the case of negligent misconduct shall not exceed
      $500... [22๋‹จ์–ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ] ...may be filed by any injured party.
์ข‹์€: Any injured party may file a claim with the Office.
      A claim must not exceed $500 for negligence or $1,000 for intent.

โ‘ก ์กฐ๊ฑดยท์˜ˆ์™ธ์˜ ์œ„์น˜

  • ๊ธด ์กฐ๊ฑดยท์˜ˆ์™ธ โ†’ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜
  • ์งง์€ ์กฐ๊ฑดยท์˜ˆ์™ธ (๋˜๋Š” ๋…์ž๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด) โ†’ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์•ž์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜

โ‘ข ๋ชฉ๋ก(List Trick)

๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋‚˜์—ด์— ๋ชฉ๋ก ์‚ฌ์šฉ:

๋„์ž… ์ ˆ (introductory clause):
  1. ์กฐ๊ฑด 1; or
  2. ์กฐ๊ฑด 2; or
  3. ์กฐ๊ฑด 3.

๊ทœ์น™: ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ, ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ ๋ช…์‹œ(and/or).

โ‘ฃ ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ณ์—

๋‚˜์œ: My client has discussed the proposal to fill the drainage ditch
      with his partners.
      (ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋“ค๋กœ ๋„๋ž‘์„ ์ฑ„์šธ ๊ฑด๊ฐ€?)
์ข‹์€: My client and his partners have discussed the proposal to fill
      the drainage ditch.

์Šค์ฟผํŒ… ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด(Squinting Modifier): ์•ž๋’ค ์–ด๋А ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ

๋‚˜์œ: A trustee who steals dividends often cannot be punished.
      (often์ด steals๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹? cannot be punished๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹?)
์ข‹์€: Often a trustee who steals dividends cannot be punished.

only ์œ„์น˜: ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•ž์—.

โ‘ค ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์—ฐ์‡„(Noun Chains) ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ

๋‚˜์œ: draft laboratory animal rights protection regulations
์ข‹์€: draft regulations to protect the rights of laboratory animals

โ‘ฅ ์ค‘์ฒฉ ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด(Nested Modifiers) ํ’€๊ธฐ โ€” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๋งˆํŠธ๋ฃŒ์‹œ์นด ๊ตฌ์กฐ

๋‚˜์œ: The defendant, who was driving a flatbed truck [that was laden
      with a tangle of old furniture (some of which was not tied down)]
      stopped without warning.
์ข‹์€: The defendant drove a flatbed truck laden with a tangle of old
      furniture, some of which was not tied down. She stopped without warning.

โ‘ฆ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋ฒ”์œ„(Reach of Modifiers) ๋ช…์‹œ

๋‚˜์œ: "all female rabbits and hamsters over six-weeks-old"
      (female์ด both? ๋˜๋Š” rabbits only? six-weeks-old๊ฐ€ both? ๋˜๋Š” hamsters only?)
์ข‹์€: ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์—ดํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ๋ก ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ

Chapter 7: ๋‹จ์–ด ์„ ํƒ (Choose Your Words Carefully)

โ‘  ๊ตฌ์ฒด์  ๋‹จ์–ด(Concrete Words)

์ถ”์ƒ์–ด๋Š” ๋…์ž์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๊ณ ๋ฌด์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ถ”์ƒ: "His rod came into contact with the water, resulting in significant
      pollution... olfactory discomfort..."
๊ตฌ์ฒด: "He lifted up the rod and smote the waters... and all the waters
      were turned to blood. And the fish died; and the river stank..."
                                                      โ€” ์ถœ์• ๊ตฝ๊ธฐ 7:20-21

๊ทœ์น™: ์ด์œ  ์—†์ด ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ง€ ๋ง ๊ฒƒ. "๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ?" ๋ฌผ์–ด ์ธ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์‚ด๋ ค๋ผ.

โ‘ก ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด(Familiar Words)

์–ด๋ ต๊ณ  ๋‚ฏ์„  ํ‘œํ˜„์‰ฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„
terminationend
expeditehurry
elucidateexplain
utilizeuse
in all likelihoodprobably
in excess of your expectationshigher than you expected

"์šฉ์–ด์˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์€ ์•Œ ๊ฒƒ(Terms of art)์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ์ด๊ณ , ์ผ์ƒ์–ด๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค." โ€” Aristotle

โ‘ข ์„ฑ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์  ๋‹จ์–ด(Gender-Neutral Words)

4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•:

  1. ๊ฐ€์น˜ํŒ๋‹จ ํ‘œํ˜„ ์ง€์–‘ (manly effort ๋“ฑ)
  2. ๋ฌด์„ฑ๋ณ„ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ (workmen โ†’ workers, reasonable man โ†’ reasonable person)
  3. ๋‘ ์„ฑ๋ณ„ ์ง€์นญ ์‹œ ๋Œ€๋“ฑ ๊ตฌ์กฐ (husbands and wives, not men and their wives)
  4. ์„ฑ๋ณ„ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ถˆ์‚ฌ์šฉ: ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ / he or she ์ ˆ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ / they(๋‹จ์ˆ˜, ๋น„์ด์ง„ ์ธ์นญ ํฌํ•จ)

โ‘ฃ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌยท๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์„ค๋“

์•ฝํ•จ (ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ+๋ถ€์‚ฌ): The witness intentionally testified untruthfully about the cargo.
๊ฐ•ํ•จ (๋ช…์‚ฌ+๋™์‚ฌ): The witness lied about the cargo.

์•ฝํ•จ: The defendant's agents maliciously took advantage of poor people.
๊ฐ•ํ•จ: The defendant's agents preyed on the poor.

๋ฌผ์— ํƒ€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋‹จ์–ด:

์ž˜๋ชป: rather catastrophic / somewhat terrified / a bit malevolently
๊ณ ์นจ: catastrophic / terrified / malevolently

โ‘ค ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ํ˜•์‹์–ด(Lawyerisms) ์ œ๊ฑฐ

said (ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ) โ€” ์ •๋ฐ€์„ฑ์˜ ํ™˜์ƒ:

  • "the said conspiracy" โ†’ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”. the/this/those๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„.
  • ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ conspiracy๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋๋‹ค๋ฉด said๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ช…ํ™•.

aforementioned โ€” said์˜ ํ˜• ๋ฒ„์ „, ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”.

herewith, therefor, whereas ๋“ฑ: ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ํ’๊ธฐ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์งˆ ์—†์Œ.

๊ทœ์น™: ๋ผํ‹ด์–ดยท๊ณ ์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ผ์ƒ์–ด๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”์ง€ ๋จผ์ € ํ™•์ธ.

โ‘ฅ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๋ถ€์ •(Multiple Negatives) ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ

๋‚˜์œ: No rate agreement shall qualify unless not fewer than thirty
      days' notice is given...
์ข‹์€ (๋ชฉ๋ก ํŠธ๋ฆญ): To qualify, a rate agreement must:
     1. give customers at least 30 days' notice; and
     2. be published as provided above (unless emergency rates); and
     3. be approved by the Commission.

โ‘ฆ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด/๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ

  • Elegant Variation: ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ง€ ๋ง ๊ฒƒ ("case", "piece of litigation", "suit" โ€” ์…‹์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฑด๊ฐ€?)
  • ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ they: ๋ฒ•์ธยท๋ฒ•์› ๋“ฑ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์—”ํ‹ฐํ‹ฐ์— they/their ์“ฐ์ง€ ๋ง ๊ฒƒ (but ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด they๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์™ธ)
  • ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ(split infinitive): ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ ("to not split" โ†’ "not to split")
  • ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋๋‚ด๊ธฐ: ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๋ฌธ์„œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ

Chapter 8-9: ๊ตฌ๋‘์  (Punctuation)

์ฃผ์š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ๋… ์ •์˜

์šฉ์–ด์ •์˜
์ฃผ์–ด์ ˆยท๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ
์ˆ ์–ด์ฃผ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„œ์ˆ  (๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ˆ ์–ด=๋™์‚ฌ๋งŒ)
๊ตฌ(Phrase)์ฃผ์–ด+์ˆ ์–ด ์—†๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ชจ์Œ
๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ(Independent Clause)์ฃผ์–ด+์ˆ ์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”, ํ˜ผ์ž ์„œ๋Š” ์ ˆ
์ข…์†์ ˆ(Dependent Clause)์ฃผ์–ด+์ˆ ์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜ผ์ž ์„œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ ˆ

์‰ผํ‘œ 5์›์น™

์›์น™์˜ˆ์‹œ
โ‘  ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ+๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ์‹œ"Napoleon escaped, and he marched on Europe."
โ‘ก ๋„์ž… ์š”์†Œ ๋’ค"Wanting to settle, the plaintiff authorized her lawyer."
โ‘ข ๋น„์ œํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ์„ค์ •"The motion, which was filed late, was dismissed."
โ‘ฃ ๋‚˜์—ด ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ"โ€ฆa shotgun, a pistol, and a knifeโ€ฆ" (Oxford comma ๊ถŒ์žฅ)
โ‘ค ๋‚ ์งœยท์ง€๋ช…ยท์งํ•จยท์งง์€ ์ธ์šฉ"On April 8, 2024,..." / "Seattle, Washington,..."

Oxford Comma (์˜ฅ์Šคํผ๋“œ ์‰ผํ‘œ): ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‘ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ์‚ฌ์ด ์‰ผํ‘œ. ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๋ฌธ์„œ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ถŒ์žฅ.

"$500๋งŒ ์ดˆ๊ณผ๊ทผ๋ฌด ํŒ๊ฒฐ ์‚ฌ๋ก€: "canning, processing, marketing, storing, packing for shipment or distribution" โ€” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‘ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ๊ฐ€ ๋‘˜์ธ๊ฐ€?"

์„ธ๋ฏธ์ฝœ๋ก  2์šฉ๋„

  1. ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ ์—†์ด ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ: The lawyer objected; the judge sustained.
  2. ์ „ํ™˜์–ด(transition)๋กœ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ: The court granted the injunction; therefore, the company could not fire him.

(์ „ํ™˜์–ด ์•ž ์„ธ๋ฏธ์ฝœ๋ก , ๋’ค ์‰ผํ‘œ)

์ฝœ๋ก  3์šฉ๋„

์šฉ๋„์˜ˆ์‹œ
๋‚˜์—ด ์†Œ๊ฐœ"We must subpoena three witnesses: Barnes, Cruz, and Younger."
์š”์•ฝยท์˜ˆ์‹œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ"The plaintiff failed to prove two key elements: negligence and proximate cause."
๊ธด ์ธ์šฉ ์†Œ๊ฐœ"She invoked Lincoln: 'The Lord prefersโ€ฆ'"

์ฃผ์˜: ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์‚ฌ์ด, ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ์ฝœ๋ก  ๊ธˆ์ง€.

๊ด„ํ˜ธยท๋Œ€์‹œ ๋น„๊ต

ํ‘œ์‹œ๊ฐ•์กฐ ์ •๋„์šฉ๋„
์‰ผํ‘œ , ,์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ์‚ฝ์ž…๊ตฌ
๊ด„ํ˜ธ ( )์•ฝํ•จ (๋ถ€์† ์ •๋ณด)์ถ•์•ฝ์–ด ์ •์˜, ๋ถ€์ˆ˜ ์ •๋ณด
em-dash โ€” โ€”๊ฐ•ํ•จ (๊ฐ•์กฐ)๊ทน์  ๊ฐ•์กฐ, ์ค‘๋‹จ

em-dash vs en-dash:

  • em-dash(โ€”): ์‚ฝ์ž…๊ตฌ ๊ฐ•์กฐ. "The judge โ€” bristling โ€” slammed the gavel."
  • en-dash(โ€“): ๋ฒ”์œ„ ํ‘œ์‹œ. "June 1โ€“August 15" (from/between ์—†์ด ๋‹จ๋… ์‚ฌ์šฉ)

Chapter 10: ๋ฌธ์„œ ๋””์ž์ธ (Document Design)

ํฐํŠธ ์„ ํƒ

  • Serif(์„ธ๋ฆฌํ”„): ํš ๋์— ์žฅ์‹(๋ฐœ)์ด ์žˆ์Œ โ†’ ๋ณธ๋ฌธ์šฉ, ์ธ์‡„๋ฌผ ๊ฐ€๋…์„ฑ ๋†’์Œ
  • Sans serif(์‚ฐ์„ธ๋ฆฌํ”„): ํš์ด ์ง์„  โ†’ ํ™”๋ฉดยท์ œ๋ชฉ์šฉ
  • ์žฅ์‹์ฒด(decorative) ํฐํŠธ: ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๋ฌธ์„œ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๊ธˆ์ง€
  • ํฌ์ธํŠธ ํฌ๊ธฐ: ๋ณธ๋ฌธ 10~13pt

๊ณต๋ฐฑ๊ณผ ์—ฌ๋ฐฑ

  • ๊ตฌ๋‘์  ํ›„ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ: 1์นธ๋งŒ (typewriter ์‹œ๋Œ€ 2์นธ์€ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ์—์„œ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”)
  • ํ…์ŠคํŠธ ์ •๋ ฌ: ์™ผ์ชฝ ์ •๋ ฌ ๊ถŒ์žฅ (full justification ์‹œ ๋‹จ์–ด ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ์™œ๊ณก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ)
  • ํŽ˜์ด์ง€ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ ๋น„์œจ: ํ…์ŠคํŠธ 50% + ํฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 50% ๋ชฉํ‘œ
  • ์ค„๋‹น ๊ธ€์ž ์ˆ˜: 45~90์ž ์ตœ์  (๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ์ด ํ”ผ๋กœ)
  • ์—ฌ๋ฐฑ: ๋น„๋ก€ ํฐํŠธ(10~12pt) ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ธก๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋ฐฑ 1.5~2์ธ์น˜ ๊ถŒ์žฅ

ํ—ค๋”ฉ

  • ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ํ—ค๋”ฉ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ("Headings"๋ณด๋‹ค "1.1 How to tell if a heading is formatted properly")
  • ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ ์ฒด๊ณ„(1. / 1.1 / 1.2 / 2.) ๊ถŒ์žฅ: ์œ„์น˜ ํŒŒ์•… ๋ช…ํ™•
  • ํ—ค๋”ฉ ์œ„์•„๋ž˜ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ ์ถ”๊ฐ€
  • ํ—ค๋”ฉ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ 2๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์ดํ•˜๋กœ ์œ ์ง€

์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ํŠน์ด์‚ฌํ•ญ

  • ํŠน์ˆ˜ ์„œ์‹ ์ง€์–‘ (์ˆ˜์‹ ์ž ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋‹ค์–‘)
  • ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์ œ๋ชฉ ์ค„ (๋‚ด์šฉ ์‹ ํ˜ธ)
  • ๋‹จ๋ฝ 3~5๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ตœ๋Œ€
  • ์ค‘์š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—
  • ๊ตต์€ ๊ธ€์”จ ์ ˆ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐ•์กฐ
  • ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€ ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋งž์ถœ ๊ฒƒ

"๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ?" โ€” Wydick์˜ ๋งŒ๋Šฅ ์งˆ๋ฌธ

์ฑ… ์ „์ฒด์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์งˆ๋ฌธ: "Who is doing what to whom?"

์ ์šฉ ์ƒํ™ฉ:

  • Ch 2: It is/There is ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ฐœ์„ 
  • Ch 3: ํŒŒ์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ โ†’ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ํ™˜์›
  • Ch 4: ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ โ†’ ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ ์ „ํ™˜
  • Ch 7: ์ถ”์ƒ์–ด โ†’ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์–ด๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜

ํƒ€ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์„œ์ ๊ณผ์˜ ๋น„๊ต

ํ•ญ๋ชฉWydick (Plain English)Garner (Legal Writing in Plain English)Guberman (Point Made)ํ™”์šฐ (๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋ก )
๋ถ„๋Ÿ‰155์ชฝ~308์ชฝ745์ชฝ~300์ชฝ
๋Œ€์ƒ ๋…์ž๋ฒ•๋Œ€์ƒยท์‹ค๋ฌด ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ(์˜์–ด)์˜๋ฏธ๊ถŒ ์‹ค๋ฌด ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌยท๋ฒ•๋Œ€์ƒ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์› ์†Œ์†ก ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ฒ•์กฐ์ธ
ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ช…๋ฃŒ์„ฑยท์ •ํ™•์„ฑ๋…์ž ์ธ์ง€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํŒ์‚ฌ ์„ค๋“(์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต๋žต)๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ „๋‹ฌ
์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ทœ๋ฒ”์  + ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ค‘์‹ฌ์›์น™ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ (50์„น์…˜)๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๊ท€๋‚ฉ์  (50๊ธฐ๋ฒ•)๊ทœ๋ฒ”์  (ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ˜์˜)
๊ตฌ๋‘์  ์ฑ•ํ„ฐ์žˆ์Œ (2์žฅ)๋ฏธํฌํ•จ๋ฏธํฌํ•จ๋ฏธํฌํ•จ
๋ฌธ์„œ ๋””์ž์ธ์žˆ์Œ (1์žฅ)์ผ๋ถ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋ฏธํฌํ•จ๋ฏธํฌํ•จ
์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ์žˆ์Œ (32๊ฐœ + ํ•ด๋‹ต)์žˆ์Œ์—†์Œ์žˆ์Œ
์„ค๋“ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌยท๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ ˆ์•ฝ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ (50๊ธฐ๋ฒ•)์ผ๋ถ€
์ธ์šฉ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ธ๊ธ‰๊ฐ์ฃผ ์ด๋™ ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋ณธ๋ฌธ ์œ ์ง€ + ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ •ํ™•์„ฑ ๊ฐ•์กฐ
์ข€๋น„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๊ฐœ๋…"derivative noun""zombie noun"์–ธ๊ธ‰ ์ ์Œ"๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜• ํ‘œํ˜„ ์ง€์–‘"
Bryan Garner ์–ธ๊ธ‰๊ฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ง์— ์–ธ๊ธ‰์ €์ž๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋น„๊ต ๋Œ€์ƒ๋ฏธ์–ธ๊ธ‰

Wydick์˜ ๋…๋ณด์  ๊ธฐ์—ฌ:

  1. ์ž‘์—…์–ด/์ ‘์ฐฉ์–ด(Working words/Glue words) ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ• โ€” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•
  2. ๊ตฌ๋‘์  2์žฅ โ€” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์„œ์ ์— ์—†๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„์  ๊ตฌ๋‘์  ๊ต์œก
  3. ๋ฌธ์„œ ๋””์ž์ธ 1์žฅ โ€” ์—ฌ๋ฐฑยทํฐํŠธยท์ค„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ํญ๋„“์€ ๋ฒ”์œ„
  4. 32๊ฐœ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ + ํ•ด๋‹ต โ€” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ต์œก์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ
  5. 155์ชฝ โ€” 4๊ถŒ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์งง๊ณ  ํ•ต์‹ฌ๋งŒ ๋‹ด์Œ

ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์›์น™ ์ฒดํฌ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ

๋‹จ์–ดยทํ‘œํ˜„

  • [ ] ์ ‘์ฐฉ์–ด ๋น„์œจ ์ ๊ฒ€ (๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋†’์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ)
  • [ ] ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌยท์ ‘์†์‚ฌ ๊ต์ฒด (prior to โ†’ before)
  • [ ] ํŒŒ์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ํ™˜์› (-tion, -ment ๋“ฑ)
  • [ ] ์Œ์ค‘๋ณต ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ํ‘œํ˜„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ (null and void โ†’ void)
  • [ ] "the fact that", "in instances", "on a โ€ฆ basis" ์ œ๊ฑฐ
  • [ ] ๊ตฌ์ฒด์–ด vs ์ถ”์ƒ์–ด: ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ตฌ์ฒด์–ด
  • [ ] ๋‚ฏ์„  ๋‹จ์–ด โ†’ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด
  • [ ] lawyerisms ์ œ๊ฑฐ (said, aforementioned, herewith)
  • [ ] ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๋ถ€์ • โ†’ ๊ธ์ • ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ

๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ

  • [ ] ํ‰๊ท  ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ธธ์ด 25๋‹จ์–ด ์ดํ•˜ ํ™•์ธ
  • [ ] ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋‹น ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ƒ๊ฐ
  • [ ] ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ โ†’ ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ (์ด์œ  ์—†์œผ๋ฉด)
  • [ ] ์ฃผ์–ด-๋™์‚ฌ-๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ๊ฐ„ ํฐ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ์ œ๊ฑฐ
  • [ ] ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด ์œ„์น˜ ์ ๊ฒ€ (์ˆ˜์‹ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†)
  • [ ] ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์—ฐ์‡„(noun chain) ๋ถ„ํ•ด
  • [ ] ์กฐ๊ฑดยท์˜ˆ์™ธ ์œ„์น˜ ์ตœ์ ํ™”

๊ตฌ๋‘์ 

  • [ ] ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ ์ ‘์† ์‹œ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ+์‰ผํ‘œ
  • [ ] ๋„์ž… ์š”์†Œ ๋’ค ์‰ผํ‘œ
  • [ ] Oxford comma ์‚ฌ์šฉ (๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๋ฌธ์„œ)
  • [ ] ์„ธ๋ฏธ์ฝœ๋ก +์ „ํ™˜์–ด+์‰ผํ‘œ ์ˆœ์„œ ํ™•์ธ
  • [ ] ์ฝœ๋ก : ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ ๋’ค์—๋งŒ
  • [ ] em-dash vs en-dash ๊ตฌ๋ถ„

๊ด€๋ จ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€

  • [[books/legal-writing-garner-plain-english.md]] โ€” ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ์˜์–ด ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์›์น™
  • [[books/legal-writing-hwawoo2014.md]] โ€” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ (ํ™”์šฐ)
  • [[books/point-made-ross-guberman.md]] โ€” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฒ•์› ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌํ”„ ์„ค๋“ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•
  • [[synthesis/three-legal-writing-books.md]] โ€” ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ 3์„œ ๋น„๊ต ํ•ฉ์„ฑ (์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ํ•„์š”)